Here the future success of winemaking seems less certain. Adding to the issue is cities like Mendoza that are growing, causing has increased demand for the same snowmelt water. Additionally, in some regions the water for irrigation comes from snowmelt from the Andes Mountains, which are experiencing less snow accumulation than in the past. Grape growers there are benefitting from warmer temperatures along with “increasingly persistent winds” that help prevent fungus and mold, but on the other hand there are longer periods of drought followed by shorter but very intense rainstorms that are more than the land can absorb all at once. In Patagonia and thereabouts, winemakers are looking southward (and also to higher elevations closer to the mountains) as colder places warm up. The soil in parts of England is similar to that of the Champagne region in France, but “the difference in England now is that climate change is making certain decisions possible that simply weren’t before.” The producers in England were well positioned to be able to take advantage of climate change. Freedman writes that it’s not simply a matter of warmer average temperatures, but a number of factors including improving grape clonal selection, site selection, and economic investment and investors that allow for this improvement in the local sparkling. You may have heard that England is gaining a reputation for quality sparkling wine now, due to rising temperatures. So, dealing with climate change includes thoughtfully preparing for known issues, and attempting to futureproof against the unknown. In some regions there are an increased number of new pests and plant diseases that thrive in conditions caused by the change in weather. It is “the unpredictable effects of those climbing temperatures – the nature of precipitation, drought, and more.” There are more fires and flash floods, and more sudden and intense rainstorms and hailstorms that flood facilities and fields and kill vines. The problem of climate change goes well beyond global warming and the resulting drier weather.
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